Difference between revisions of "Peer-to-peer"

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{{glossary}}<onlyinclude>[[Peer-to-peer network]]s are known for their robustness and reliability. The way peers connect with other instances to form the network creates a peer-to-peer infrastructure. It enables users to connect directly with each other as desired to exchange products and services without having to employ middlemen as in the current centralised 'client-server' approach.
+
{{glossary}}<onlyinclude>[[Peer-to-peer]] networks are known for their robustness and reliability. The way peers connect with other instances to form the network creates a peer-to-peer infrastructure. It enables users to connect directly with each other as desired to exchange products and services without having to employ middlemen as in the current centralised 'client-server' approach.
  
 
In general, peer-to-peer networks can be formed directly between people or [[organisation]]s or can be formed from many different computers and devices communicating together through the same peer-to-peer networking software. At [[Organic Design]] we're developing the [[Platform specification]] which allows people and organisations to operate as part of a [[unified ontology]] which contains both the [[Platform network]] of people and organisations [[alignment|align]]ed with the specification, and also [[the Network]] of informational devices.</onlyinclude>
 
In general, peer-to-peer networks can be formed directly between people or [[organisation]]s or can be formed from many different computers and devices communicating together through the same peer-to-peer networking software. At [[Organic Design]] we're developing the [[Platform specification]] which allows people and organisations to operate as part of a [[unified ontology]] which contains both the [[Platform network]] of people and organisations [[alignment|align]]ed with the specification, and also [[the Network]] of informational devices.</onlyinclude>
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We know that somehow the Internet must be used to achieve this goal since it allows people all over the world to connect and share knowledge directly. But for us to use the Internet to organise into a community together, we need to change the way we use it. The currently dominant method of viewing and collaborating on the Internet, the World Wide Web, is not structured in a way that promotes the formation of people into a community from the bottom up, it doesn't match the way that cells organise themselves. The web is a centralised top-down structure, but it's the peer-to-peer networks that offer a foundation to work from which really mimics cellular organisation.
 
We know that somehow the Internet must be used to achieve this goal since it allows people all over the world to connect and share knowledge directly. But for us to use the Internet to organise into a community together, we need to change the way we use it. The currently dominant method of viewing and collaborating on the Internet, the World Wide Web, is not structured in a way that promotes the formation of people into a community from the bottom up, it doesn't match the way that cells organise themselves. The web is a centralised top-down structure, but it's the peer-to-peer networks that offer a foundation to work from which really mimics cellular organisation.
 +
 +
== Articles ==
 +
*[https://www.economist.com/special-report/2018/06/28/how-to-fix-what-has-gone-wrong-with-the-internet How to fix what's gone wrong with the internet]
 +
*[https://medium.com/@designforsustainability/collaborative-consumption-and-peer-to-peer-collaboration-d6e40c04e2e2 Excellent article on the state of collaborative society and related projects]
 +
*[http://fee.org/the_freeman/detail/how-far-can-the-p2p-revolution-go How Far Can the P2P Revolution Go?] ''- will the sharing economy replace the State? by Jeffrey Tucker''
 +
*[http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/elements/2013/12/the-mission-to-decentralize-the-internet.html The Mission to Decentralise the Internet]
 +
*[http://www.masternewmedia.org/news/2006/02/20/p2pbased_economy_the_political_power.htm P2P-Based Economy: The Political Power Of Peer-To-Peer Networks]
 +
*[http://www.shareable.net/blog/the-future-now-an-interview-with-david-de-ugarte The Future Now] ''- an Interview with David de Ugarte''
 +
*[http://theconversation.edu.au/say-hola-to-the-newest-route-around-web-censorship-11845 Say Hola! to the newest route around web censorship]
 +
*[http://freenetproject.org/philosophy.html Freenet philosophy]
  
 
== Videos ==
 
== Videos ==
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*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyyGEVyA9ZA&feature=player_embedded How P2P Can Continue To Grow]
 
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyyGEVyA9ZA&feature=player_embedded How P2P Can Continue To Grow]
 
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKJ4Gz0kEWc&feature=player_embedded The Relationship Between the People and the Technology]
 
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKJ4Gz0kEWc&feature=player_embedded The Relationship Between the People and the Technology]
 +
*[http://www.masternewmedia.org/peer_to_peer_social_political_and_economic_issues_in_a_p2p_world_-_a_video_interview_with_michel_bauwens/ Social, Political, And Economic Issues In A P2P World -  Interview With Michel Bauwens]
  
−
== P2P projects ==
+
== P2P protocols and file-systems ==
−
*[http://projectdouglas.org/ Project Douglas]
+
*[https://www.datprotocol.com/ DAT protocol] ''- public-key-addressed file archives which can be synced securely and browsed on-demand''
 +
**[https://datprotocol.github.io/how-dat-works/ How DAT works]
 +
**[https://github.com/datproject/docs/blob/master/docs/hyperdrive_spec.md#hypercore-feeds Hyperdrive + Hypercore]  
 
*[http://ipfs.io/ IPFS: The Permanent Web] ''- IPFS is a global, versioned, peer-to-peer filesystem''
 
*[http://ipfs.io/ IPFS: The Permanent Web] ''- IPFS is a global, versioned, peer-to-peer filesystem''
 +
**[https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/akasha-project-unveils-decentralized-social-media-network-based-on-ethereum-and-ipfs-1462551273 Akasha] ''- IPFS + [[Ethereum]]''
 +
*[[w:WebRTC|WebRTC]] ''- browser-to-browser communications protocol initiated in 2011 and now in draft form at W3C''
 +
**[https://medium.com/@nile.js.webrtc/introducing-nile-js-81d83a31cfe3 Nile.js WebRTC-based in-browser video-streamimg]
 +
**[https://webtorrent.io WebTorrent] ''- a browser-based torrent client based on WebRTC''
 +
**[https://www.nebulis.io Nebulis] ''- new DNS content network built on IPFS and Ethereum''
 +
*[http://sammantics.com/blog/2016/7/27/hashgraph-consensus Hashgraph consensus] ''- a new way of doing decentralised consensus without a blockchain''
 
*[https://www.torproject.org/ The TOR project]
 
*[https://www.torproject.org/ The TOR project]
 
*[http://www.i2p2.de/ I2P Anonymous Network]
 
*[http://www.i2p2.de/ I2P Anonymous Network]
−
*[[w:RetroShare|RetroShare]] ''- free software for encrypted, serverless email, Instant messaging, BBS and file-sharing based on a friend-to-friend network built on GPG''
 
 
*[http://freenetproject.org/ The Freenet Project]
 
*[http://freenetproject.org/ The Freenet Project]
 
*[http://guifi.net/en/node/17573 guifi.net]
 
*[http://guifi.net/en/node/17573 guifi.net]
 
*[[P2P DNS]]
 
*[[P2P DNS]]
−
*[http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~petar/5ttt.org/ Tonika] ''- social routing with organic security''
+
*<s>[http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~petar/5ttt.org/ Tonika] ''- social routing with organic security''</s>
 
*[http://tomp2p.net/ TomP2P]
 
*[http://tomp2p.net/ TomP2P]
 
*[[:File:Scalaris.pdf|Scalaris]]
 
*[[:File:Scalaris.pdf|Scalaris]]
−
*[http://garumfundatio.org/bazar/ Bazar] ''- software developed by [http://garumfundatio.org/ Garum] for inter-cooperative trading''
 
 
*[http://openbts.sourceforge.net OpenBTS]
 
*[http://openbts.sourceforge.net OpenBTS]
 
*[http://www.zora.uzh.ch/19504/ PeerVote]
 
*[http://www.zora.uzh.ch/19504/ PeerVote]
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*[http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/bittorrent-sync-creates-private-peer-to-peer-dropbox-no-cloud-required/ BitTorrent Sync] ''- creates a p2p drop-box, no cloud required''
 
*[http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/bittorrent-sync-creates-private-peer-to-peer-dropbox-no-cloud-required/ BitTorrent Sync] ''- creates a p2p drop-box, no cloud required''
 
*[https://tent.io/about Tent] ''- the protocol for decentralized communication''
 
*[https://tent.io/about Tent] ''- the protocol for decentralized communication''
−
*[[Bitmessage]]
 
 
*[http://deaddrops.com/ DeadDrops.com] ''- public file-sharing with USB sticks''
 
*[http://deaddrops.com/ DeadDrops.com] ''- public file-sharing with USB sticks''
−
*[http://www.maidsafe.net MaidSafe] ''- could well be the holy grail of p2p!''
+
*[[MaidSafe]] ''- could well be the holy grail of p2p!''
 
*[http://bitcloudproject.org Bitcloud]
 
*[http://bitcloudproject.org Bitcloud]
−
*[https://go.airbitz.co/airbitz-dark-wallet-win-bitcoin-hackathon-darkmarket/ Dark Wallet] ''- Airbitz & Dark Wallet Devs Win Bitcoin Hackathon with DarkMarket!''
+
*[https://libp2p.io/ LibP2P] ''- a modular network stack: run your network applications free from runtime and address services, independently of their location.''
 +
 
 +
== P2P markets ==
 +
*[https://nostr.com Nostr] ''- inspired by Scuttlebutt, but much simpler and more extensible (including organisation and markets)''
 
*[http://bitcoinist.net/openbazaar-decentralized-marketplace-to-launch-next-week/ OpenBazaar] ''- decentralised marketplace''
 
*[http://bitcoinist.net/openbazaar-decentralized-marketplace-to-launch-next-week/ OpenBazaar] ''- decentralised marketplace''
 
*[http://cointelegraph.com/news/112286/bitxbay-the-first-open-source-p2p-online-trading-platform BitXBay] ''- another decentralised marketplace''
 
*[http://cointelegraph.com/news/112286/bitxbay-the-first-open-source-p2p-online-trading-platform BitXBay] ''- another decentralised marketplace''
−
*[https://wiki.tox.im TOX] ''- p2p voice/video messaging system that has plugins for Pidgin and Adium''
+
*[http://themerkle.com/decentralized-ridesharing-platform-arcade-city-comes-to-mobile-on-september-1st/ Arcade City] ''- a distributed version of Uber ride sharing''
−
*[https://github.com/ricochet-im/ricochet/releases Ricochet] ''- serverless anonymous messaging''
+
*[https://go.airbitz.co/airbitz-dark-wallet-win-bitcoin-hackathon-darkmarket/ Dark Wallet] ''- Airbitz & Dark Wallet Devs Win Bitcoin Hackathon with DarkMarket!''
 +
*[http://garumfundatio.org/bazar/ Bazar] ''- software developed by [http://garumfundatio.org/ Garum] for inter-cooperative trading''
 +
*[http://lichtman.ca/business/open-peer-to-peer-markets Open peer-to-peer markets] ''- eBook by Jeremy Lichtman''
 +
*[https://www.0xproject.com/ 0x project] ''- an Ethereum-based decentralised exchange protocol''
 +
*[https://reflowproject.eu/blog/dev-diary-our-journey-towards-the-reflowos/ REFLOW] ''- a p2p economic network''
 +
 
 +
== P2P communications ==
 +
*[[Matrix]] ''- federated open source messaging protocol''
 +
*<s>[https://github.com/ricochet-im/ricochet/releases Ricochet] ''- serverless anonymous messaging''</s>
 +
*<s>[[w:RetroShare|RetroShare]] ''- free software for encrypted, serverless email, Instant messaging, BBS and file-sharing based on a friend-to-friend network built on GPG''</s>
 +
*<s>[https://wiki.tox.im TOX] ''- p2p voice/video messaging system that has plugins for Pidgin and Adium''</s>
 +
*<s>[[Bitmessage]]</s>
 +
 
 +
== P2P (and federated server) social networks ==
 +
*[https://nostr.com Nostr] ''- inspired by Scuttlebutt, but much simpler and more extensible''
 +
*[[Scuttlebutt]]
 +
*[https://github.com/lmatteis/peer-tweet PeerTweet] ''- another p2p Twitter''
 +
*[https://www.bitchute.com Bitchute] ''- a p2p youtube using [https://webtorrent.io WebTorrent]''
 +
*[http://blog.printf.net/articles/2015/05/29/announcing-gittorrent-a-decentralized-github/ GitTorrent] ''- a decentralised Github''
 +
*[https://github.com/HelloZeroNet/ZeroNet ZeroNet] ''- crypto based decentralised websites''
 +
*[https://torrentfreak.com/play-p2p-impossible-shutdown-160301/ Play] ''- a torrent site on ZeroNet''
 +
*[http://www.samsarap2p.com/ SamsaraP2P] ''- new social network startup, donate to 1NLTpthtWmJdtqg9t8Xr3uK3jDd2keVdqH''
 
*[http://getaether.net/linux_download.html Aether] ''- “It's Fairly Similar to Reddit, But It Doesn’t Have a Server Somewhere”, see [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112805/its-fairly-similar-to-slashdot-metafilter-or-reddit-but-it-doesnt-have-a-server-somewhere-burak-nehbit-aether-dev interview with Burak Nehbit, Aether Dev]''
 
*[http://getaether.net/linux_download.html Aether] ''- “It's Fairly Similar to Reddit, But It Doesn’t Have a Server Somewhere”, see [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112805/its-fairly-similar-to-slashdot-metafilter-or-reddit-but-it-doesnt-have-a-server-somewhere-burak-nehbit-aether-dev interview with Burak Nehbit, Aether Dev]''
 +
*[http://disruptedsystems.org/ Rumble] ''- a decentralised and [[mesh]]able Twitter-like system''
 
*[https://ind.ie/stratosphere/ Ind.ie - Stratosphere] ''- an interesting p2p social network project to keep an eye on''
 
*[https://ind.ie/stratosphere/ Ind.ie - Stratosphere] ''- an interesting p2p social network project to keep an eye on''
 +
*[[Friendica]] ''- federated server social network''
 +
*[[GNU social]] ''- was status.net''
 +
*[https://hubzilla.org Hubzilla] ''- the "everything is a channel" federated social network (was the red matrix)''
  
 
== Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking ==
 
== Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking ==
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== Torrent sites ==
 
== Torrent sites ==
 +
*[https://www.lifewire.com/top-torrent-sites-alternatives-to-kat-2483512 Top21 torrent search sites]
 
*[http://torrentfreak.com/ TorrentFreak] ''- the place where breaking news, BitTorrent and copyright collide''
 
*[http://torrentfreak.com/ TorrentFreak] ''- the place where breaking news, BitTorrent and copyright collide''
−
*[http://kat.ph KICKASS Torrents]
+
*<s>[http://kat.ph KICKASS Torrents]</s>
 
*[http://extratorrent.com/ ExtraTorrent]
 
*[http://extratorrent.com/ ExtraTorrent]
 +
*[https://torrentfreak.com/play-p2p-impossible-shutdown-160301/ Play: A P2P Distributed Torrent Site That’s Impossible to Shut Down]
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
 
*[[Trust network]]
 
*[[Trust network]]
 
*[[Cloud]]
 
*[[Cloud]]
−
*[http://freenetproject.org/philosophy.html Freenet philosophy]
 
 
*[[Wikipedia:Peer-to-peer|What is P2P?]]
 
*[[Wikipedia:Peer-to-peer|What is P2P?]]
 
*[[w:Peer-to-peer (meme)|Peer-to-peer (meme)]]
 
*[[w:Peer-to-peer (meme)|Peer-to-peer (meme)]]
 
*[http://p2pfoundation.net P2P Foundation Wiki]
 
*[http://p2pfoundation.net P2P Foundation Wiki]
 
*[http://www.aphid.org/btsim/ a java applet that does a good job illustrating p2p as it relates to bittorrent]
 
*[http://www.aphid.org/btsim/ a java applet that does a good job illustrating p2p as it relates to bittorrent]
−
*[http://www.masternewmedia.org/news/2006/02/20/p2pbased_economy_the_political_power.htm P2P-Based Economy: The Political Power Of Peer-To-Peer Networks]
 
−
*[http://www.masternewmedia.org/peer_to_peer_social_political_and_economic_issues_in_a_p2p_world_-_a_video_interview_with_michel_bauwens/ Social, Political, And Economic Issues In A P2P World -  Interview With Michel Bauwens]
 
 
*[http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2011/breaking-bottlenecks-0111.html Breaking bottlenecks] ''- a new algorithm enables much faster dissemination of information through self-organizing networks with a few scattered choke points''
 
*[http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2011/breaking-bottlenecks-0111.html Breaking bottlenecks] ''- a new algorithm enables much faster dissemination of information through self-organizing networks with a few scattered choke points''
−
*[http://www.shareable.net/blog/the-future-now-an-interview-with-david-de-ugarte The Future Now] ''- an Interview with David de Ugarte''
 
 
*[http://lasindias.org/the-p2p-mode-of-production/ The P2P mode of production] ''- an Indiano manifesto''
 
*[http://lasindias.org/the-p2p-mode-of-production/ The P2P mode of production] ''- an Indiano manifesto''
−
*[http://theconversation.edu.au/say-hola-to-the-newest-route-around-web-censorship-11845 Say Hola! to the newest route around web censorship ]
 
 
*[http://localorg.blogspot.com.br/2012/12/decentralizing-telecom.html Decentralising Telecom]
 
*[http://localorg.blogspot.com.br/2012/12/decentralizing-telecom.html Decentralising Telecom]
−
*[http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/elements/2013/12/the-mission-to-decentralize-the-internet.html The Mission to Decentralise the Internet]
+
*[http://siliconangle.com/blog/2017/03/04/lesson-amazon-web-services-outage-cloud-must-decentralized/ Lessons learned from the Amazon cloud outage]
−
*[http://fee.org/the_freeman/detail/how-far-can-the-p2p-revolution-go How Far Can the P2P Revolution Go?] ''- will the sharing economy replace the State? by Jeffrey Tucker''
+
*[https://www.lifewire.com/top-torrent-sites-alternatives-to-kat-2483512 Top torrent sites as of 2017]
 +
*[https://app.co/ App.co] ''- portal for Dapps across all technologies''
 +
*[http://p2pforever.org/ P2P forever] ''- p2p resources''
  
−
== Attachments ==
+
[[Category:Peer-to-peer]]
−
*[[:File:Electric_routing_and_concurrent_flow_cutting.pdf]]
 
−
*[[:File:Scalaris.pdf]]
 

Latest revision as of 15:14, 16 October 2023

Glossary.svg This page describes a concept which is part of our glossary

Peer-to-peer networks are known for their robustness and reliability. The way peers connect with other instances to form the network creates a peer-to-peer infrastructure. It enables users to connect directly with each other as desired to exchange products and services without having to employ middlemen as in the current centralised 'client-server' approach.

In general, peer-to-peer networks can be formed directly between people or organisations or can be formed from many different computers and devices communicating together through the same peer-to-peer networking software. At Organic Design we're developing the Platform specification which allows people and organisations to operate as part of a unified ontology which contains both the Platform network of people and organisations aligned with the specification, and also the Network of informational devices.

Transcending centralisation is a necessity

It's a commonly known meme nowadays that our survival as a species depends on us figuring out how to live and work together as a single organism. Another well known concept is the fractal nature of life that allows us to equate the biological cell with a person, and a single person with the planetary organism. In his book Spontaneous Evolution, Bruce Lipton shows us that we can learn from our cells how to live together in peace and harmony as a single organism since they're a living example of it, and have been doing it for millions of years.

Many people who are strong believers in this idea of humans living fully in accord with nature think that technology has no place in this vision. But by looking at how the cells in the human body are able to live together as a community with a population of over fifty trillion reveals that technology is essential. The cells manufacture and maintain huge infrastructures including the equivalent of buildings that are tens of thousands of stories high, sophisticated networking systems and even an energy based financial and banking system.

We know that somehow the Internet must be used to achieve this goal since it allows people all over the world to connect and share knowledge directly. But for us to use the Internet to organise into a community together, we need to change the way we use it. The currently dominant method of viewing and collaborating on the Internet, the World Wide Web, is not structured in a way that promotes the formation of people into a community from the bottom up, it doesn't match the way that cells organise themselves. The web is a centralised top-down structure, but it's the peer-to-peer networks that offer a foundation to work from which really mimics cellular organisation.

Articles

Videos

P2P protocols and file-systems

P2P markets

  • Nostr - inspired by Scuttlebutt, but much simpler and more extensible (including organisation and markets)
  • OpenBazaar - decentralised marketplace
  • BitXBay - another decentralised marketplace
  • Arcade City - a distributed version of Uber ride sharing
  • Dark Wallet - Airbitz & Dark Wallet Devs Win Bitcoin Hackathon with DarkMarket!
  • Bazar - software developed by Garum for inter-cooperative trading
  • Open peer-to-peer markets - eBook by Jeremy Lichtman
  • 0x project - an Ethereum-based decentralised exchange protocol
  • REFLOW - a p2p economic network

P2P communications

  • Matrix - federated open source messaging protocol
  • Ricochet - serverless anonymous messaging
  • RetroShare - free software for encrypted, serverless email, Instant messaging, BBS and file-sharing based on a friend-to-friend network built on GPG
  • TOX - p2p voice/video messaging system that has plugins for Pidgin and Adium
  • Bitmessage

P2P (and federated server) social networks

Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking

  • Xuemin Shen, Heather Yu, John Buford, Mursalin Akon,
  • Springer | 2009 | ISBN: 0387097503 | 1403 pages | PDF | 10,2 MB
  • torrent hash: C3BA9770 7C9E3C80 019DD55E 2207529A B876700D
  • blocked in US?

Torrent sites

See also

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